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我國工業機器人與金屬成形機床集成應用的現狀與問題

工業機器人與金屬成形機床在制造原理和結構等諸方面均較為相似，如伺服電機驅動、數控系統控制，以及可實現精確位置移動的自動裝置等。因此，金屬成形機床制造商在工業機器人的曬制上優勢較為明顯。而這些優勢帶來的巨大商機，早已被國內諸多目光敏銳機床制造企業所察覺。所以，早于多年前，便已有部分機床及企業介人對工業機器人
的制造與研發。發展至當前，我國開展工業機器人研制的金屬成形機床企業，主要為數控系統廠和主機廠兩類。其中，后者的產品門類較為齊全，主要優勢集中于成套項目承接。

然而現階段，雖然我國工業機器人與金屬成形機床的集成應用正日趨廣泛。但從行業的整體發展程度來看，二者集成應用在數量與規模上，均處于初級起步階段，與發達國家仍有較大差距。主要表現為以下幾方面 ：第一，工業機器人與金屬成形機床集成應用所處水平較低，諸多先進技術仍未充分應用。并且，應用形式僅是簡單地將金屬成形機床和工業機器人相組合，但各自使用分離的控制系統。第二，行業內部缺乏可借鑒與參考的技術標準規范或理論基礎，制造商與用戶均缺乏充足的知識與經驗。第三，工業機器人領域屬于新興行業，相關應用型專業人才十分匱乏，導致諸多項目受阻。總體而言，在工業機器人與金屬成形機床集成應用中，許多理論與實踐問題均未得到充分認識、論證與解決。
因此，要充分發揮工業機器人與金屬成形機床的集成應用優勢，還需各餐祝主體的不懈努力。

4 、工業機器人與金屬形成機床集成應用的發展路徑

根據上文所述，當前我國工業機器人與金屬成形機床集成應用中仍存在諸多問題。因此，需從以下幾方面對二者的集成應用進行探討，充分發揮二者的合力優勢，推進汽車制造企業發展進程。

其一，汽車機床企業在研制工業機器人的過程中，應充分發揮產業自身固有優勢，樹立更高的發展目標。制造商應立足于自身實際發展需要，完善工業機器人與金屬成形機床集成應用的基礎理論研究，提升工作工藝與轉配。同時，需不斷創新，突破減速器與伺服電機等基礎零部件的傳統束縛，大幅提高國產汽車制造工藝的質量與整體水平。
其二，在金屬成形機床的制造過程中，需加入充足的自動化功能，促進其與工業機器人工作的協調開展。在此過程中，汽車制造商需加強對刀具中先進技術的應用研究，包括強刀具磨損與補償道具的自動檢測與更換等，有效保證汽車機床加工各單元工作的持續穩定開展。

其三，汽車加工制造商需對共同協調工作的雙方進行聯動設計，并對工業機器人與金屬成形機床做出適合雙方的相應調整，形成二者度集中的協調有機統一體。此設計與調整不單是改變機床機械的結構，還應包括調整設備傳感器與整合控制系統等，實現工業機器人與金屬成型機床的空間集成。

其四，在促進工業機器人與金屬成形機床的集成應用過程中，應制定較為完善的技術規范與流程，有效滿足二者對機械結構設計與控制系統等的特殊要求。因此，汽車制造企
業間應建立完備的組織聯絡機制，并在機制中建立必要的技術標準與規范，加強各環節的交流、溝通與協作，充分實現優勢互補、資源共享與發展合力，推進我國機床工具行業轉
型升級 [5]。

其五，為加快工業機器人與金屬成形機床集成應用的普及，應加大對專業領域人才的培養力度。一方面，需加大工業機器人研制與開發相關專業人才的培養力度，促進工業智能機器人的應用與普及。另一方面，在汽車金屬成形機床制造領域，應加強對工業機器人應用人才的培養，并不斷深化關人才的專業知識與技能水平。
 

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IC200UDD020 Versamax Micro 20 point PLC,(12) 24VDC In, (8) 24VDC Outputs with ESCP protection, 24VDC Power Supply. (1) serial port and (1)optional communication port. Requires Machine Edition 5.7 or higher. Battery (IC200ACC414) is required for data retentio

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IC800VMM30LNKSE25 3 kW VersaMotion servo motor (14.3 Nm)

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IC800SLCPV100 Power cable for SDM100 or SLM100 or SDM250 or SLM250 or SGM450 S-series servo motor. 10 meters

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IC610MDL127RR 230Vac Input (8 points)

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